Preheater for gases.



C. J. AT `INSON.

PRHEATER FOR GASES.

APPLICATION 11.21) AUG. 11. 1913.

Patented Aug. 11, 1914 3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

706 r l D if ,n

Y. K ,Mv n C ,w

C. J. ATKINSN.

PEEHEATER FR GASES APPLmATxoN NLE me, 11, 1am,

gul 06,611 Patented Aug. 11,1914.

3 SHBETSMSHEET 2.

C. J. ATKINSON. PREHEATBR FOR GASES. APPLIoATIoN FILED AUG. u. 191s.

1,106,611, Patented Aug.11,1914.

3 SHEETB*SHBET 3.

j UNITED s'rATns PATENTQFFICE.

CYRIL J. ATKINSON, OF BELOIT, WISCONSIN, ASSIGNOR TO FAYIRBANKS, MORSE @E COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

PREHEATER FOR GASES.

Spccication of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 11p, 191 4.

pplication tiled August 11. 1913. Serial No. 784.075.

T o all arbor/z. it may concern.' x

Beitknown that I. Crmi. J. A'riuxsox,

a subject cf the King of Great Britain, re-

siding at Beloit, in the county of Rock and State of Wisconsin. have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in lrehcaters for (ascs. of which the following is a specification. i

My invention relates to means for heating or cooling fluids. l

ln order to illustrate a specifically appropriate use. to which my invention may be put. 1 have shown it in the. form of a pre heater for gases. It is well known that prof ducer gas, for example. frequently has com paratively low heating value. andin the accompanying drawings I have illustrated means for preheating air or prehea-lting a combustible gas. and introducing it in heated condition into `a furnace using produce-r gas so as to secure high temperature lin the fm-nace. rIfhe furnace illustrated is particu- The object of my invention is t0 produce an eflicientand inexpensive construction. especially of those parts in which the conduction or heat transference occurs.

1n one. of its more specific aspects. the object of my invention is to provide a section or unit of such contigm'ation that by properly assembling` a number of such units between parallel walls. two non-communicatingr tortuous passages may be formed, one for conveying the gas or other fluid to be heated or cmrlcd. and the other for separately conveying thc gas or other Huid which is to give up its heat or abstract hcatfrom the first mentioned fluid.

ln the construction illustrated. the internal passages within the sections are for con: veyingr the combustible gas or air to the furnace. and the external passages are for causing the heated gases from the furnace to bathe the units and thereby cause'them to conductthe heat to the gases within them.

I accomplish my objects by the construction illustrated in the accompanying drawsection of a heater unit. Fig. 5 isa plan view of a heater unit. Fig. 6 is a perspective view o'f a heater unit.l Fig. T is -a perspective view. partly in section, illustrating the arrangement of the assembled units. Fig. 8 is a detail sectional elevation showing a single stack of units in distinction tothe double stack shown in Fig. Land Fie; 9 is a perspective view of the single stackv of units shown in Fig. 8. Y i

Similar reference numerals refer to similar parts throughout the several vic'ws. In thc heater selected to illustrate the in- `vention. the interior 1 of the furnace is sur-` rounded by side walls 2 and 3. a bottom 4 and an arched top Apel-tures 6 lare formed in one ofthe walls .for introducing the articles to be annealed or tempered. and means. such as the rods 7. are provided for bracing the walls. The furnace chamber 1 communicates through a passage 8 with a flue. 9 formed by the. walls 10,- 10 and 11, 11. It will be understood that the form ofV the ,furnacelproper is immaterial and [may be "aried to suit conditions. 1.

Let it be assumedl that producer gas is to be burned in the furnace and that the air with which it is to be mixed for burning is to be. pre-heated. The producer' gas will be led to the Ts 13 through supply pipes 14, said Ts communicating lwith the vfurnace chamber. The heated air` will be delivered to the Ts through the air ducts 15. l'The heated air is supplied to ducts 15 through stacks of heater units located'between the flue walls 10 and 11 as best shown in Figs.

.2 and 3. These heater units which embody essential features of my invention are illusltrated separately in Figs. 4, 5 and 6. The

units are all of the same form and each has a hollow body 16 which is supplied with air through a riser 1Ga entering at the bottom and which delivers this air through a riser 16 issuing from the top. These risers are formed by hollow bossesforming necks of appreciable length. The riser necks `are remote'from each other, lengthwise of the unit, and by preference are located actually a't the ends of the unit to thereby increase the length of the passagethrough it. By preference also the body of the unit is substantially rectangular in cross section and the riser necks annular in cross section. The

body of the unit is wider than the necks and the necks are placed eccentrically, with the A for the fiow of the hot gases leaving the furnace. Spacers 16c and 16d are provided, the.

lowerspacer 16 resting upon the upper spacer 16c of the unit beneath. By preference the spacers are integral with the body of the unit and are of the same height and external configuration as the riser necks 16l and 16". The spacers are` so placed on the unit that the upper spacer 16c is directly opposite to the in-riser 16'l while the lowe'r spacer 16d isdirectly opposite to the outriser 16". There is no communication between the inside of the unit and the inside of the spacer, although there is a small aperturel 17 formed, preferably at the center of each spacer, for the passage of tie rods 18 by which the units are held together when assembled. These rods, as best shown in Figs. 3 and 7 to 9, make a comparatively close fit with, the apertures 17 so as to substantially prevent the low of gas from the risers straight up through a unit.

From the lforegoing it is manifest thatas a result of the cpnfigurationdescribed, the units may bey stacked one above another in such manner that the in-riser 16a of one unit will register with the out-riser.16b of the unit below, and a continuous. passage will be formed passing up into one unit then horizontally along it and then vertically up and out into the next unit and then horizontally in the return direction. In other words, a long tortuouspassage is formed in which the direction of How is reversed in each succeeding section. It will also be evident that the units will be spaced apart vertically, and the extension ,side of one unit will project i'n one direction from the median line of the stack whilerthe extension sides of the units next above and next below will project -in the opposite direction. In.

y the structure containing my units the walls are at such distance apart as to touch the extendedsides of the units, and they therefore form part of the external passage and` serve to deflect the iue gases at each unit..

If a single stack is employed, as shown in Figs. B and 9, each walltouches; ach alternate unit in the stack. If a doub e stack is employed, as shown in Fig. 2, one wall will touch each alternate unit in one stack and the other wall will touch each alternate unit in the adjacent stack. In the latter case, the

u units rwhose extension sides project away `from the wall will toucn the side of the unit adjacent to it in the cor/responding tier. of the adjacent stack. l

The air to be 'heated is supplied to the stack of units through a supply pipe 20 leading to the bottom of each stack and the air is delivered from the stack to one of the ducts 15, previously mentioned. At the top andbottom of each stack are elbows 21 of special form, as best shown in Figs. 1, 2 and bosses 21* which are apertured to accommodate the tie rods 18. These bosses form seats for nuts 22 by which the elbows and the units are bolted.together. It will be noted that in my construction, the rods are protected from the action of the hot Hue gases. This is important as it is desirable to make the tie rods of steel or wrought iron which metals do not withstand the action of hot flue gases as wellI as cast iron which is the preferred metal for constructing the heater units.

In operation, combustion takes vplace in the furnace chamber 1 and the hot gases pass from said chamber up through the flue formed by the walls 10 and 11. These These elbows are provided with gases bathe the external surface of the units and heat the air or gas within. The air thus heated tiows up through the units and through the ducts 15 to the T 13 where the mixture with the producer gas occursa The resulting mixture then enters the furnace and continues the operation.

The eneral 'principle of operation is the same w ether a single stack be employed, as shown in Fig. 8, or a plurality of stacks be employed, as shown in Fig. 2.

It is obvious that liquids as well as gases may beheated and that liquid as well as gas may be used for furnishing the heat. Likewise, the apparatus may beused for cooling fiuids as well as heating them.

Having thus described my invention, what I I claim as new and desire to secure'by Letters Patent, isz- 1. A heater unit having a hollow body and necks extcudin in opposite directions therefrorn,`said nec s being narrower thanv the body of the unit and located nearer to Aone side thereof than to the other.

2. A heater unit having a hollow body and necks extending in opposite directions therefrom, said necks being narrower than the body of the unit and located nearer to one side thereof than tothe other, said necks being near the opposite ends of the unit.

3. A heater unit having a hollow body and necks extending in opposite directions therefrom, said' necks being narrower than the body of the unit and located nearer to one side thereof than to the other, said necks being near the opposite ends of the unit, and said unit having a spacer opposite to each therefrmn7 said necks being narrower than i of the unit and located nearer to the bod)` V one side thereof than to the other`r said necks being near the opposite ends ot' the units,

and sai-.l unit having a spacer opposite to each ol' the unit, the height and external shape of the spacers being similar to the height' and external shape of the necks.

5. ln a structure of the class described, a unit having a top, bottoni, sides and ends, a hollow boss rising from the top ot' the unit substantially tangential to one side tliereof, a hollow boss descending from the bottom of the unit substantially tangential to the. sanieside ot' the unit, said bosses communicating with the interior of the unit andbeiug of less width than the unit and being located atI the opposite ends of 'the nn1t, a spacer descending freir` the umt With its center in line vertically with the center of i the ascending boss, and a spacer ascending from the unit with its center in line verti cally with the center ot' the descending boss. ti. In a device o` the class described. u unit having a top, bottom, sides and ends, a hollow boss rising from the top of the unit substantially tangential to one side thereof` a holloiv boss descending from the bottoni of the unit, substantially tangential to the same side ot' the unit, said bosses ciinmunicatiiig with the interior of the unit and beingF ot less width than the unit and being located remote from each other end avise of' the unit, matchv the same external configuration as the bosses. one of said spacers rising from the unit in line vertically with the descending boss and the other of said spacers descending trom the unit in line vertically with the ascending boss, there beingv a small aperture through each spacer and through the unit wall at the base thereof for the purpose described.

7. heater unit having a hollowT body` a riser leading tliereinto. the `sides of the riser being substaniially tangential to one side and one end of the body, a second'riser leadl ing out from the 'opposite side of the body, the second riser being substantially tangential to the same side and to the opposite end ote the body il the riser. said risers being narrower than the body ot' the unit7 and .sparta-s projecting in opposite i'roin the bod)v ol' the unil and each having its. nirdian line coincident with the median liuc er avis ofthe riser on the opposite side ol' thi` body ot the unit.

5% A\ bean-r unit having in-risrr leading tl'iereinto` in;l tbereoiit of. said i a hollow bodyn an 5 an out-riser leadisers proyeting in opneelt on opposite sides of the body and spacers of approXif directions lposite direction from the body of the unit l. and being substantially tangential to the f same side and to opposite ends oi the unit, i said risers having annular cross-sections and lun ing a diameter less than the width of the i unit, said risers both being of substantially' l the saine height. l

5l. A structure for heating or cooling fluids "comprising a pair of parallel walls and a yplurality ot duct units arranged in tiers` `@for forming in connection with said walls ,l two separate and independent passages for the flow of fluit, .said units being of less width than the space between the walls and being arranged in staggered relationy one unit touching one of said walls and unii`,l in the tier next above and next below touehing the other of said walls, each unit havinga riser leading into it from below and a riser leading ont from it at the top, said risers being 0f appreciable length whereby the bodies of the units are spaced from each other and a passage is thus formed between them, the risers on any given unit being.r re mote from each other, longitudinally ot' the unit` and being substantially tangential -y the same side ot' the unit.

l0. A structure for heating or cooliig;v fluid comprising a plurality of individual units of similar configuration arranged in tiers. each unit having an inriser and oiiti'iser located at opposite ends of the u. and tangential to the same Iside thereol'- ltr risers being narrower than the body of titi y unit, the in-riser of one unit resting' upon l the out-riser of the unit in the tier below. a l flue wall contacting the side of' a unit in each l alternate tier, and a second Hue `wall oppn- I site and parallel to the lrst and contacting;

the side of a unit.in each alternate tier. l 1l. A structure for heating or cooling;` g fluid comprisinga plurality of' individual i units of similar configuration arranged in tiers. each lunit having an iii-riser and :in ont-riser located at opposite ends of the unit and tangential to the saines-ide thereof'. the

risers being narrower than the body of thi.` i unit, the in-riser of one unit resting upon the out-riser of' the unit in the tier below, a flue wall contacting the side of' a unit in each alternate tier. a second flue wall oppon site and parallel to the first and contacting l the side of a unit in each alternate tier, and means in addition to the risers for holding I said units spi-cod one above the other. Y A .structure t'or heatingr or cooling l fluid comprising a plurality ot' individual limits of similar configuration arranged in ,ltiersx each unit having an in-riser and an tout-riser located at opposite ends ot' the ,l unit and tangential to the same side theref of, the risers beingr narrower than the body ot' the unit, the iii-riser of one unit resting upon the out-riser of the unit in the tie.' f below, a flue wall contacting the side of a mig; me eide of a unit in each alternate Ver., poruberanoee on each unit located oppmie o each riser and extending in oppo- :me directions rherefrom, and tie rods passfna' through .swirl units and surrounded by ser). leere and Seial protuberances whereby vmd im are protected from gnsee onteirle of 'md '-ni 115. [n apparatus of the class described. the combination el' parallel mills, und n stack of hollow units all of the sume corr guration unit arranged end lfr end with their ends in rst-gieten zieh unity 14. In apparatus of the Class described,

and :iseenihlml 'with every other having-f an irl-riser nook below :md an oui-riser nor-l1; above and at. the

the com inetioq of parallel Walls, and a Stark hollow units all of the Same ooniguration and assembled with every other unit arranged end for end with their ends in register, each unit having an in-riser neck below und an out-riser neck above und at the opposile end, and said necks being eccentric with the body of the unit and both being nearer the sume eide of the unit, hollow Ilhowe al Lhe ende of the stack communicating with he risers there, and tio rods passinff up through the risers, said units and @leone having registering; apertures for re- Ceiring mio rods.

ln witness whereof., I have hereunto sub- "berl my naine in rhe presence of two Witneseoe.

C. J. ATKINSON.

Witnesees:

T. B. FAUQUIER, @no B. IxnnnsoLL. 

